Financial and business terms. 2012.
Vertical integration — In microeconomics and management, the term vertical integration describes a style of management control. Vertically integrated companies are united through a hierarchy and share a common owner. Usually each member of the hierarchy produces a… … Wikipedia
vertical integration — Form of business organization in which all stages of production of a good, from the acquisition of raw materials to the retailing of the final product, are controlled by one company. A current example is the oil industry, in which a single firm… … Universalium
Vertical disintegration — refers to a specific organizational form of industrial production. As opposed to integration, in which production occurs within a singular organization, vertical disintegration means that various diseconomies of scale or scope have broken a… … Wikipedia
Integration — is a process of combining or accumulating. It may specifically refer to:*The bringing together of two or more economies, cultures, religions (usually called syncretism), etc.;in sociology and economy *Social integration *Racial integration,… … Wikipedia
Horizontal integration — In microeconomics and strategic management, the term horizontal integration describes a type of ownership and control. It is a strategy used by a business or corporation that seeks to sell a type of product in numerous markets. Horizontal… … Wikipedia
Backward Integration — A form of vertical integration that involves the purchase of suppliers. Companies will pursue backward integration when it will result in improved efficiency and cost savings. For example, backward integration might cut transportation costs,… … Investment dictionary
Horizontal Integration — The acquisition of additional business activities that are at the same level of the value chain in similar or different industries. This can be achieved by internal or external expansion. Because the different firms are involved in the same stage … Investment dictionary
horizontal integration — The combination of two or more companies in the same business, carrying out the same process or production, usually to reduce competition and gain economies of scale. Compare: vertical integration … Accounting dictionary
industrial integration — The tendency to link formerly separate firms, enterprises, or production processes, in order to reap economies of scale or finance. Integration may be vertical, combining separate stages in the manufacture of a finished good or provision of a… … Dictionary of sociology
Mergers and acquisitions — Merger redirects here. For other uses, see Merge (disambiguation). For other uses of acquisition , see Acquisition (disambiguation). Accountancy Key concepts Accountant · Accounting period · Bookkeeping · Cash and accrual basis … Wikipedia
